Puisano ea quantum ke karolo e bohareng ea theknoloji ea tlhahisoleseling ea quantum. E na le melemo ea ho boloka sephiri ka ho feletseng, bokhoni bo boholo ba puisano, lebelo la phetisetso e potlakileng, joalo-joalo. E ka phetha mesebetsi e itseng eo puisano ea khale e ke keng ea e finyella. Puisano ea quantum e ka sebelisa mokhoa oa poraefete oa senotlolo, o ke keng oa hlalosoa ho lemoha moelelo oa sebele oa puisano e sireletsehileng, kahoo puisano ea quantum e fetohile e ka pele ho saense le theknoloji lefatšeng. Puisano ea quantum e sebelisa boemo ba quantum joalo ka karolo ea tlhahisoleseling ho hlokomela phetiso e sebetsang ea tlhahisoleseling. Ke phetoho e 'ngoe historing ea puisano ka mor'a puisano ea thelefono le ea optical.
Likarolo tse kholo tsa puisano ea quantum:
Kabo ea senotlolo sa sephiri sa Quantum:
Kabo ea senotlolo ea lekunutu ea Quantum ha e sebelisoe ho fetisa litaba tsa lekunutu. Leha ho le joalo, ke ho theha le ho buisana ka buka ea li-cipher, ke hore, ho fana ka senotlolo sa lekunutu mahlakoreng ka bobeli a puisano ea botho, e tsejoang ka hore ke quantum cryptography communication.
Ka 1984, Bennett oa United States le brassart ea Canada ba ile ba etsa tlhahiso ea protocol ea BB84, e sebelisang li-quantum bits e le bajari ba tlhahisoleseling ho kenyelletsa linaha tsa quantum ka ho sebelisa litšoaneleho tsa polarization ea leseli ho hlokomela moloko le kabo e bolokehileng ea linotlolo tsa lekunutu. Ka 1992, Bennett o ile a etsa tlhahiso ea hore ho be le protocol ea B92 e thehiloeng ho linaha tse peli tsa nonorthogonal quantum tse nang le phallo e bonolo le halofo e sebetsang hantle. Merero ena ka bobeli e ipapisitse le sete e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta tsa orthogonal le nonorthogonal single quantum states. Qetellong, ka 1991, Ekert oa UK o ile a etsa tlhahiso ea E91 e ipapisitse le boemo ba ho tšoasoa ha likarolo tse peli, e leng para ea EPR.
Ka 1998, morero o mong oa puisano oa linaha tse tšeletseng o ile oa hlahisoa bakeng sa khetho ea polarization holim'a metheo e meraro e kopaneng e entsoeng ka linaha tse 'ne tsa polarization le ho potoloha ka ho le letšehali le ho nepahetseng ho protocol ea BB84. Protocol ea BB84 e ipakile e le mokhoa o bolokehileng oa kabo ea mahlonoko, o so robiloeng ke mang kapa mang ho fihlela joale. Molao-motheo oa ho se tiisehe ha quantum le quantum non-cloning o netefatsa tšireletso ea oona e feletseng. Ka hona, protocol ea EPR e na le bohlokoa ba theory. E hokahanya boemo bo ferekaneng ba quantum le puisano e sireletsehileng ea quantum mme e bula tsela e ncha ea puisano e sireletsehileng ea quantum.
quantum teleportation:
Khopolo ea quantum teleportation e hlahisitsoeng ke Bennett le bo-rasaense ba bang linaheng tse tšeletseng ka 1993 ke mokhoa o hloekileng oa phetisetso ea quantum o sebelisang mocha o nang le likarolo tse peli tse ferekaneng ho fetisa boemo bo sa tsejoeng ba quantum, mme katleho ea teleportation e tla fihla ho 100% [ 2].
Ka 199, a. Sehlopha sa Zeilinger sa Austria se phethile tlhahlobo ea pele ea tlhahlobo ea molao-motheo oa quantum teleportation ka laboratoring. Lifiliming tse ngata, morero o joalo o atisa ho hlaha: setšoantšo se makatsang se nyamela ka tšohanyetso sebakeng se le seng ka tšohanyetso se bonahala se le teng. Leha ho le joalo, hobane teleportation ea quantum e tlola molao-motheo oa quantum non-cloning le ho hloka botsitso ha Heisenberg ho quantum mechanics, ke mofuta oa tšōmo ea mahlale puisanong ea khale.
Leha ho le joalo, mohopolo o ikhethang oa ho ts'oaroa ha quantum o hlahisoa puisanong ea quantum, e arolang tlhahisoleseling e sa tsejoeng ea boemo ba mantlha ka likarolo tse peli: tlhaiso-leseling ea quantum le tlhaiso-leseling ea khale, e etsang hore mohlolo ona o makatsang o etsahale. Lintlha tsa Quantum ke tlhahisoleseling e sa ntšoang ts'ebetsong ea tekanyo, 'me tlhaiso-leseling ea khale ke tekanyo ea mantlha.
Khatelo-pele ea puisano ea quantum:
Ho tloha ka 1994, puisano ea quantum e kene butle-butle sethaleng sa liteko 'me e hatela pele ho sepheo se sebetsang, se nang le boleng bo botle ba tsoelo-pele le melemo ea moruo. Ka 1997, pan Jianwei, rasaense e monyane oa Lechaena, le bow meister, rasaense oa Madache, ba ile ba etsa liteko mme ba hlokomela phetiso e hole ea linaha tse sa tsejoeng tsa quantum.
Ka April 2004, Sorensen et al. E fumane phetisetso ea data ea 1.45km lipakeng tsa libanka ka lekhetlo la pele ka ho sebelisa phetiso ea quantum entanglement, ho tšoaea puisano ea quantum ho tloha laboratoring ho isa sethaleng sa kopo. Hajoale, theknoloji ea puisano ea quantum e hohetse tlhokomelo e kholo ho tsoa ho mebuso, indasteri le barutehi. Likhamphani tse ling tse tummeng tsa machabeng le tsona li ntse li tsoela pele ho nts'etsapele khoebo ea tlhaiso-leseling e ngata, joalo ka Borithane ba mehala le Telegraph Company, bell, IBM, at & T laboratories United States, khamphani ea Toshiba e Japane, k'hamphani ea Nokia Jeremane, joalo-joalo. 2008, "Projeke ea ntlafatso ea marang-rang e sireletsehileng ea lefats'e ea European Union e thehiloeng holim'a quantum cryptography" e thehile marang-rang a 7-node e sireletsehileng ea puisano Pontšo le marang-rang a netefatso.
Ka 2010, makasine ea Time ea United States e tlalehile katleho ea liteko tsa China tsa 16 km quantum teleportation kholomong ea "litaba tse phatlohang" ka sehlooho sa "leap of China's Quantum Science," e bonts'a hore China e ka theha marang-rang a puisano a quantum lipakeng tsa China. fatše le sathelaete [3]. Ka 2010, National Intelligence and Communication Research Institute ea Japane le Mitsubishi Electric le NEC, ID e nang le palo ea Switzerland, Toshiba Europe Limited, le Vienna eohle ea Austria e thehile marang-rang a tšeletseng a metropolitan quantum communication "Tokyo QKD network" Tokyo. Marang-rang a shebane le liphetho tsa morao-rao tsa lipatlisiso tsa mekhatlo ea lipatlisiso le lik'hamphani tse nang le boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea puisano ea quantum Japane le Europe.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. e fumanehang "Silicon Valley" ea China - Beijing Zhongguancun, ke khoebo ea theknoloji e phahameng e ikemiselitseng ho sebeletsa litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa malapeng le tsa kantle ho naha, litsi tsa lipatlisiso, liunivesithi le basebetsi ba likhoebo tsa lipatlisiso tsa mahlale. Khamphani ea rona e ikakhetse ka setotsoana lipatlisisong tse ikemetseng le nts'etsopele, moralo, tlhahiso, thekiso ea lihlahisoa tsa optoelectronic, 'me e fana ka litharollo tse ncha le lits'ebeletso tse ikhethileng bakeng sa bafuputsi ba mahlale le baenjiniere ba indasteri. Ka mor'a lilemo tse ngata tsa boipheliso bo ikemetseng, e thehile letoto le ruileng le le phethahetseng la lihlahisoa tsa photoelectric, tse sebelisoang haholo ho masepala, sesole, lipalangoang, matla a motlakase, lichelete, thuto, bongaka le liindasteri tse ling.
Re labalabela ho sebelisana le uena!
Nako ea poso: May-05-2023